This book presents a straightforward introduction to the finite element method, error analysis, and adaptive refinement. It provides an easy-to-read overview that allows the contents of other finite element books and finite element courses to be seen in perspective as the various procedures are encountered. Furthermore, it provides developments that improve the procedures contained in the standard finite element textbook. As a result, when this book is used alone or in conjunction with other presentations, the reader is capable of critically assessing the capabilities of the finite element method.