Each chapter describes a very specific aspect of Achalasia by its known expert. Current diagnostic and management strategies of Achalasia, as well as the simplified operative approaches with relevant technical considerations, are outlined for the specific target audience. The treatment of Achalasia is complex and usually performed in specialized tertiary-care centres. The Editors' main goal is to render this disease more understandable and accessible to residents, fellows, and specialists in both the surgical disciplines (general surgery and thoracic surgery) and in gastroenterology.