This contributed volume aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of role of nanotechnology in environmental sustainability. Via a collection of chapters written by experts in this area, the book covers background and various topics related to nanomaterials such as nanotechnology in water and air purification, soil remediation, waste management, nanomaterials in environmental monitoring. The book will discuss the current state-of-art and future potential of nano-environmental technologies and hence will be an essential resources for researchers, policy-makers, practitioners in this particular domain of study. The book is distinctive due to its comprehensive, interdisciplinary and practical approach. The chapters and cases presented here describe recent trends and analyze future directions of study by encouraging interdisciplinary collaborations. Additionally, safety and toxicity concerns, regulatory issues and ethical considerations in the domain are discussed.