DNA fingerprinting has revolutionized forensic science in the last 30 years. This book provides a current background into forensic biology techniques, both those that are currently practiced and those emerging in this rapidly advancing field. Recent and new advanced testing methods covered include next generation sequencing, forensic phenotyping, MicroRNA expression analysis, 20 core STR loci typing, and more. The book highlights evidence as the means to identify biological fluids, blood, semen, saliva, urine, feces, vaginal secretions and menstrual blood to definitively identify both an individual, as well as the tissue source of origin, which can be critical in the investigative process.