This book provides readers with a collection of selected articles contributed by leading experts around the world, covering recent advances in fabrication and investigation of nanoengineered materials, thin films and colloids in application to key emerging industrial sectors. The readers are exposed to a variety of concepts ranging from fundamental to applied, addressing different application sectors including sensing, imaging, energy generation, energy storage and forensics. In addition to key enabling concepts and technologies of interest to broad range of nanomaterials, the contributions emphasize semiconductor nanostructures and devices, reflecting their continuing interest to academia and industry.