Decision Support Systems (DSSs) are Software and Information Systems which make use of various data and business models, employ advanced data analytics procedures, and access extensive databases and data warehouses to facilitate with a decision process or with organizational issues. DSSs have proven to be particularly useful at the strategic level, while they usually require only limited computer-proficiency skills from their users. Although DSSs have been under development and use for several decades, recent advances in both Software Engineering technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methodologies have heralded new avenues for research and development in this field. This book exposes its readers to some of the most significant Advances in Artificial Intelligence-Empowered Decision Support Systems. It consists of an editorial note and an additional sixteen (16) chapters, all invited from authors who work on the corresponding chapter theme and are recognized for their significant research contributions. The chapters are organized into five parts, namely (i) AI-Empowered DSS in Medical Diagnosis and Biology, (ii) AI-Empowered DSS in Healthcare and Health Insurance, (iii) AI-Empowered DSS in Urban Matters, (iv) Various Applications of AI-Empowered DSS, and (v) Novel AI-Empowered Methodologies in Decision Making. Targeted toward academics, researchers, practitioners, and students in Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence, and Management, this book is also accessible to individuals from other disciplines interested in the cutting-edge developments of AI-empowered DSS technologies. An extensive list of bibliographic references at the end of each chapter guides the readers to probe deeper into the application areas of interest to them.