This book contains recent research on the taxonomy, morphology, biology, host associations, biological control, literature resources, and rearing techniques pertaining to parasitic Hymenoptera. Divided into four sections, it is based on the information presented at the II Conference on the Taxonomy and Biology of Parasitic Hymenoptera, held at Gainesville, Florida, November 19-21, 1987.Section I deals with the taxonomy and morphology of parasitic Hymenoptera. The advances made in the study of this subject during the 1980's are reviewed. Section II deals with biology and host associations. General reviews on host recognition behaviour, progeny and sex allocation, host relationships, host associations, dispersal behaviour, parasitic relationships among fig wasps, and others, of several groups of parasitic Hymenoptera are presented. Section III is devoted and rearing techniques.The more important literature on parasitic Hymenoptera is reviewed and an extensive and very useful bibliography is given.