This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the emerging threats and defense strategies in adversarial machine learning and AI security. It covers a broad range of topics, from federated learning attacks, adversarial defenses, biometric vulnerabilities,  and security weaknesses in generative AI to quantum threats and ethical considerations. It also brings together leading researchers to provide an in-depth and multifaceted perspective.  As artificial intelligence systems become increasingly integrated into critical sectors such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and national security, understanding and mitigating adversarial risks has never been more crucial. Each chapter delivers not only a detailed analysis of current challenges, but it also includes insights into practical mitigation techniques, future trends, and real-world applications.  This book is intended for researchers and graduate students working in machine learning, cybersecurity, and related disciplines. Security professionals will also find this book to be a valuable reference for understanding the latest advancements, defending against sophisticated adversarial threats, and contributing to the development of more robust, trustworthy AI systems. By bridging theoretical foundations with practical applications, this book serves as both a scholarly reference and a catalyst for innovation in the rapidly evolving field of AI security.