Aortic aneurysms and dissections are common problems worldwide. Although surgery outcomes are improving, etiology remains elusive and absolute methods of primary prevention remain unknown. This book addresses these areas and provides future directions for clinicians and researchers who are involved in aortic disease. It reviews diagnosis and surveillance of aortic root dilation, mycotic aortic aneurysm, and the role of human immunodeficiency virus. Written by international experts, chapters discuss such topics as animal models for abdominal aortic aneurysm, safe methods of repairing type A aortic dissection, and challenges in data image analysis. This book provides a simple framework for those who want to understand the principles of aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection repair.