This book is suitable for anyone interested in training with the use of science. Training has to be science-based and science is the only way forward, thus the book title indicates Applied Physiology of Exercise. Any training can be answered with physiological rationale. If it cannot be answered, people are moving away from specific intelligent training and into erroneous combination high-load training (for example, combining aerobic and anaerobic interval training in a single training session) that may not elicit a higher percentage of physiological adaptations but may induce injuries as the body is not conditioned properly. Combination high-level training may be introduced at a later stage once an individual goes through specific conditioning following a general conditioning of building the 'base' or 'foundation' period for at least six months. Factual training with science takes time to attain superior performance without performance-enhancing drugs or supplements such as growth hormones and testosterone. Gathering the 'right' knowledge is important and hopefully readers will be better equipped after reading this book. There are questions in each chapter to enhance learning and comprehension. It requires readers to think, rationalize, answer, and apply the facts to training or weight loss programs. These questions aim to ignite the critical component of learning as readers critique and re-analyze their training program. Even though each training could be different with everyone holding on to a different training philosophy, facts through science are universal for all.