Since the early 1960s, Jürgen Habermas has persistently redefined the contours of Critical Theory through sustained engagements with positivism, Marxism, psychoanalysis, hermeneutics, systems theory, and postmodernism. His critique of positivism, comparable in scope to Marx's critique of political economy, exemplifies his enduring attempt to reconstruct the emancipatory project of critical reason in dialogue with science and society. Even today, revisiting these debates remains intellectually exhilarating. From April 28 to May 12, 1996, Habermas made his first and only visit to Korea. During his two-week stay, he delivered seven public lectures in various cities including Seoul, Daegu, and Gwangju, beginning with a lecture titled "Popular Sovereignty and National Reunification" at Seoul National University. In addition, a full-day workshop was organized, where leading Korean scholars from diverse fields joined him in a critical dialogue, assessing and engaging with his ongoing efforts to reconstruct Critical Theory. This book revisits and reconstructs the discussions that unfolded in that workshop, held nearly thirty years ago on May 10, 1996, at the Hoam Faculty House of Seoul National University. More than a ceremonial gathering, the event became a historic encounter that opened a discursive space for communication, reflection, and the renewal of critical thought.