The field of geoscience delves into the study of the physical constitution of the Earth and its atmosphere. It also encompasses all aspects of the planet, from floods to fossils, and raindrops to earthquakes. In geoscience, the hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere and biosphere are the chief areas of study. The hydrosphere comprises of the total mass of water found under, on and above the surface of the Earth. The lithosphere is the rigid, outermost shell of the Earth that is characterized by its rigid mechanical properties. The atmosphere is the set of layers of gases that surround the Earth and is held in place by the force of gravity. The biosphere is the ecological system comprising of all life on Earth and their interactions with each other and the environment. The study of these are approached through specialized fields, such as atmospheric sciences, ecology, geophysics and geodesy, soil science, physical geography, geology and hydrology, oceanography and limnology. This book attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under geoscience and how such concepts have practical applications. It aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of geoscience and the recent researches in this field. Students, researchers, experts and all associated with this field will be benefitted by this book.