Economic sanctions, the withdrawal of established trade relations, have been used as a nonviolent strategy by governments around the world to varying success. The United States alone has twenty-six sanction programs in place today. Programs have recently shifted toward smart sanctions, with a goal of eliminating the suffering of civilians. The expert viewpoints in this enlightening resource examine, from an international perspective, whether or not economic sanctions are effective, in what situations they work best, and what other solutions might be more effective.