This is the first part of the second revised and extended edition of the well established book "Function Spaces" by Alois Kufner, Oldřich John, and Svatopluk Fučík. Like the first edition this monograph is an introduction to function spaces defined in terms of differentiability and integrability classes. It provides a catalogue of various spaces and benefits as a handbook for those who use function spaces in their research or lecture courses. This first volume is devoted to the study of function spaces, based on intrinsic properties of a function such as its size, continuity, smoothness, various forms of a control over the mean oscillation, and so on. The second volume will be dedicated to the study of function spaces of Sobolev type, in which the key notion is the weak derivative of a function of several variables.