This book explores hydrostatic pressure chemistry and its applications in smart/functional molecular, supramolecular, and biological systems. Hydrostatic pressure is a fundamental and widespread stimulus that uniquely influences various biological, chemical, and physical phenomena. Recently, the scientific community has shown considerable interest in controlling reactions and rates through hydrostatic pressure. This volume provides a comprehensive historical overview of hydrostatic pressure studies, from early research topics to contemporary mechanochemistry and mechanobiology. It is aimed at both theoretical and experimental chemists specializing in supramolecular and (bio)macromolecular chemistry, mechanoscience, material science, and engineering. Readers will gain a thorough understanding of the longstanding mysteries within mechanoscience and related fields.