A textbook may sometimes gain the unusual trait of longevity beyond all other books - it can be revised and remain a primary source of information for generations of students. Hyperbaric Medicine Practice seems destined to become such a book.This 4 th edition, edited by Harry T. Whelan, pays tribute to its original author, Dr. Kindwall, who died in 2012. It also adds new information of interest to all in the field of diving and clinical hyperbaric medicine. Most chapters have been written or revised by new authors, but many have returned to update their chapters. New chapters include indications for hyperbaric oxygen treatment subjects recently approved for treatment such as idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and central retinal vein occlusion. There are also chapters on submarine rescue and problems that pertain to technical and rebreather diving.