Computer software is the most important part of automatic data processing (ADP) systems today. It is expensive to develop and maintain, and errors and omissions in software can seriously disrupt automated systems. Because the Federal Government spends billions of dollars annually on computer programs, GAO undertook a review to assess current practices in using software tools and techniques to maintain computer programs. In reviewing Federal agencies' use of software tools and techniques, GAO found that many opportunities exist for greater use of software tools and techniques. Many Federal installations have not exploited the benefits of modern software tools and techniques as well as they could have. Computer specialists at many agencies were unaware of the newer, better methods; others were reluctant to change to them. Additionally, GAO found that the Federal use of software tools and techniques can be improved by providing better guidance to agencies, more emphasis on software by management, and effective Government-wide coordination and sharing of tools. However, the agencies' adoption of the newer technology should be based on a careful study of all costs and benefits. Also, unless Federal ADP management makes more use of such technology, Federal computer software will continue to cost millions more than is necessary. | Information Technology by U U S Government Accountability Office (G, Paperback | Indigo Chapters