There has been a long standing debate on unequal allocation of resources owing to the increasing scarcity and shortages. This book covers in detail some existent theories and innovative concepts revolving around natural resources, its challenges and its different aspects like ecology, pollution and management. It aims to provide comprehensive details on the multiple techniques of resource management and ecosystem preservation. The text has addressed the burning issue of the depletion of natural resources. It aims to serve as a resource guide for students and experts alike and contribute to the growth of the discipline. As this field is emerging and rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject by presenting researches and case studies contributed by experts from across the globe.