This proceedings volume gathers a selection of cutting-edge research in both commutative and non-commutative ring theory and factorization theory. The papers were presented at the Conference on Rings and Factorization held at the University of Graz, Austria, July 10-14, 2023. The volume covers a wide range of topics including multiplicative ideal theory, Dedekind, Prüfer, Krull, and Mori rings, non-commutative rings and algebras, rings of integer-valued polynomials, topological aspects in ring theory, factorization theory in rings and semigroups, and direct-sum decomposition of modules. The conference also featured two special sessions dedicated to Matej BreÅ¡ar and Sophie Frisch on the occasion of their 60th birthdays.This volume is aimed at graduate students and researchers in these areas as well as related fields and provides new insights into both classical and contemporary research in ring and factorization theory.