A satellite altimeter calculates the time taken by a short electromagnetic pulse for completing a round trip. This electromagnetic pulse is emitted from an orbiting spacecraft towards the planetary body and is reflected-off its surface. This instrument also measures the height of the satellite from the surface of the planet. Satellite altimetry can be used to obtain useful data related to ocean science. It also provides novel insights into plate tectonics, marine geodesy, ice sheet movements, high-resolution bathymetry for unmapped areas of the Earth’s surface, and essential data on large-scale features of oceans. The data from satellite altimetry can be utilized to calculate the gravitational field of the Earth over oceans. This book unfolds the innovative aspects of satellite altimetry and its applications in Earth sciences, which will be crucial for the progress of this field in the future. It presents researches that have transformed this discipline and have aided its advancement. Researchers and students in the field of Earth sciences will be assisted by this book.