Scorpions are the only land animals with a fossil record stretching back to the colonization of land by aquatic animals, and they offer a unique array of biochemical, physiological, and ecological adaptations. This comprehensive survey demonstrates the value of scorpions as model systems for investigating a wide range of biological questions, from neurobiology to evolutionary ecology. The chapters cover the full range of research and include introductory material for the general reader as well as detailed and up-to-date findings for the specialist. The editors hope to draw new attention to this important group of arthropods and seek to highlight areas where scorpion research is providing new insight on key biological questions.