Victims of the Book uncovers a long-neglected but once widespread subgenre: the fin-de-sicle novel of formation in France. In the final decades of the nineteenth century, social commentators insistently characterized excessive reading as an emasculating illness that afflicted French youth. Novels about and geared toward adolescent male readers were imbued with a deep worry over young Frenchmen’s masculinity, as evidenced by titles like Crise de jeunesse ( Youth in Crisis , 1897), La Crise virile ( Crisis of Virility , 1898), La Vie strile ( A Sterile Life , 1892), and La Mortelle Impuissance ( Deadly Impotence , 1903). In this book, Franois Proulx examines a wide panorama of these novels, as well as polemical essays, pedagogical articles, and medical treatises on the perceived threats posed by young Frenchmen’s reading habits. Fin-de-sicle writers responded to this pathologization of reading with a profusion of novels addressed to young male readers, paradoxically proposing their own novels as potential cures. In the early twentieth century, this corpus was critically revisited by a new generation of writers. Victims of the Book shows how Andr Gide and Marcel Proust in particular reworked the fin-de-sicle paradox to subvert cultural norms about literature and masculinity, proposing instead a queer pact between writer and reader.