This book comprehensively explores the critical water quality and safety challenges faced by the Global South. It offers actionable solutions for improving access to clean and safe water. An interdisciplinary approach bridges the gap between environmental science, public health, engineering, and policy to address pressing issues like waterborne diseases, pollution, climate change, and inadequate infrastructure. The main topics covered include the root causes of water contamination, such as industrial pollution, agricultural runoff, urbanization, and their devastating health and socio-economic impacts. The book also delves into innovative, low-cost technologies, community-driven solutions, and effective policy interventions designed to tackle these issues in resource-limited regions. It highlights region-specific challenges and successful strategies by featuring case studies from Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, South Asia, and Southeast Asia, providing readers with practical insights and tools to replicate or adapt these solutions. This book is especially relevant as climate change, rapid urbanization, and economic disparities continue to exacerbate water-related challenges in the Global South. Millions of people face daily struggles to access clean drinking water, leading to public health crises and impeding sustainable development. By aligning its content with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6: Clean Water and Sanitation, the book underscores the importance of global collaboration and innovation to achieve equitable access to safe water. Designed for graduate students, researchers, policymakers, NGOs, and water management professionals, this book offers a vital resource to inspire practical action and foster informed decision-making. Its unique blend of real-world examples, emerging technologies, and multidisciplinary perspectives makes it an essential guide for anyone committed to addressing water safety issues and promoting sustainability in the Global South.