Scotland, with its stereotypes of the kilted warrior and the industrial "hard man" has long been characterized in masculine terms, but there has been little historical exploration of what masculinity actually means for men (and women) in a Scottish context. This interdisciplinary collectionexplores a diverse range of the multiple and changing forms of masculinities from the late eleventh to the late twentieth century, examining the ways in which Scottish society through the ages defined expectations for men and their behaviour. How men reacted to those expectations is examined through sources such as documentary materials, medieval seals, romance, poetry, begging letters, police reports and court records, charity records, oral histories and personal correspondence. Focusing upon the wide range of activities and rolesundertaken by men - work, fatherhood and play, violence and war, sex and commerce - the book also illustrates the range of masculinities which affected or were internalised by men. Together, they illustrate some of the ways Scotland's gender expectations have changed over the centuries and how moregenerally masculinities have informed the path of Scottish history. | Nine Centuries of Man by Lynn Abrams, Hardcover | Indigo Chapters