Asathinktank, ESPIhastoprovideinformationandanalysisandto contributefacilitating the decision-making process. The Yearbook isaimed to becomea?agshipinESPI?sproductlineapproachingthisgoal. Theaspirationis thattheYearbookonSpacePolicymaygainthestatureofcomparableyearbooksin internationalrelationsbyleadingthinktanksaroundtheworld. TheYearbookonSpacePolicyhasanumberofspeci?cfeatures. Thereporting periodwillusuallybefromJulytoJune, leadingtoitspublicationinthebeginningof thefollowingyear. Forthis?rstedition, thereportingperiodwassettostartearlier (from1January2006)butstopatthetypicaldate(30June2007). Thisservesthe purposetocoverthewholeyear2006. TheYearbookwillhavethreeparts. The?rst partispreparedbyESPIandprovidesasystematicanalysisofthemainspace v Preface activitiesintheglobalpoliticalcontext. Itcontainsapresentationofthemajor developmentsinspacepolicies, programmesandtechnologiesaroundtheworld. In thesecondpart, usuallyaroundtenprominentresearcherscontributearticlesto speci?ctopicsofparticularrelevance. Inthiseditiontheyarerelatedtoinitiativesand decisionsinEuropeanspacepolicies -asindicatedinthisyear?smottoofthe Yearbook-butalsoglobalissuesliketherecentChineseantisatellitetestorthenew Japanesespaceregulation. ThethirdpartoftheYearbook, againpreparedbyESPI, contains a unique compilation of important facts and ?gures. It includes achronology, anoverviewonspaceactivitiesinselectedcountriesandabibliography. TheprojectofacomprehensiveYearbookrequiresthecooperationofthewhole community. ThisiswhyESPI?sworkforthispublicationiscomplementedbythe contributionsofexternalauthorsprovidingtheirexceptionalinsightsandexperiences. ThesecontributorsfromalloverEuropearetheleadingacademicexpertsmainlybased inthinktanksanduniversityinstituteswhilesomearealsoassociatedwithspace agenciesorworkinindustryorresearchanddevelopment. Theyarepartofthe EuropeanSpacePolicyResearchandAcademicNetwork(ESPRAN)coordinatedby ESPI. ItisimportanttomentionthatalsoexpertsfromoutsideEuropecanbepartof thisnetwork. ThisishighlightedbythecontributionofJohnLogsdon(George WashingtonUniversity, WashingtonDC),oneofthedoyensinspacepolicyresearch. InvolvedinthisendeavourisalsoanEditorialAdvisoryBoard, composedofthe membersofESPI?sAdvisoryCouncil. Allthisaimsatsecuringtheacademicqualityof theYearbookanditsaimtobecomearelevantsourceofinformationandanalysis. AnimportantelementofthesuccessofsuchaninitiativelikethisYearbookisthe mediumofitspresentation. ESPIisextremelypleasedthatSpringerWienNewYork wasfromtheoutsetverymuchinterestedinthisproject. Throughtheexcellent collaborationwithSpringer?sSilviaSchilgeriusthechallengesofa?rsteditionfor suchaYearbookseriesweremasteredwithgreatease. CooperationbetweenESPI andSpringerWienNewYorkisintendedtointensifyfurtherwithadedicatedbook seriesonspacepolicy. TheseperspectiveswereadditionalmotivationforESPI?s editorialteamforthis?rsteditionoftheYearbook, whereNicolasPeterauthored Part1, CharlotteMathieueditedPart2andCharlotteMathieuandBlandina BaranespreparedPart3. Valuablecontributionsandsupportwereprovidedinthe earlyplanningphasebySergePlattardandintheeditorialphasebyPierre-Henri Pisani, JulieAbouYehiaandTimSkurbaty. Itiswithgreatcon?dencethatwebring this Yearbook to the attention of decision makers, professionals in industry, researchandsciencedealingwithspaceactivitiesandinternationalrelationsand alsotothebroaderpublic, whichintendstounderstandthepoliciesbehindoneof themostimportantandfascinatingprovincesofmodernsociety:space! Kai-UweSchrogl, CharlotteMathieu, NicolasPeter ESPIeditorialteam vi Tableofcontents Tableofcontents Listofacronyms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv Listof?guresandtables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxii PART1 TheYearinSpace2006/2007 Chapter1. Europeanspaceactivitiesintheglobal context. NicolasPeter 1. Geopoliticaltrends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. 1. Globaleconomicoutlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. 2. Politicaldevelopmentsin2006/2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. 2. 1. Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. 2. 2. UnitedStates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1. 2. 3. Russia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. 2. 4. Japan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. 2. 5. China. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. 2. 6. India. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1. 3. Internationalsecurity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1. 4. Majorhighlightsinscienti?cactivitiesandresearch . . . . . . . 8 1. 5. Mainscienceandtechnologyindicators relevanttospace activities. | Yearbook on Space Policy 2006/2007 by Kai-Uwe Schrogl, Paperback | Indigo Chapters